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graphite heater
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Product Description Graphite Heating Elements Graphite heaters (graphite heating elements) work on the Joule effect: current passes through a high-purity graphite body, and its electrical resistance converts energy into heat. They are the heat source inside high-temperature furnaces operating in vacuum or inert atmospheres, typically serving at 1,600–3,000 °C. The main application is as following: 1. Semiconductor Manufacturing — the largest application Crystal growth furnaces Epitaxy and CVD equipment Wafer thermal processing Sapphire crystal growth 2. Photovoltaic (Solar) Monocrystalline ingot furnaces Polycrystalline ingot casting furnaces Wafer annealing 3. Vacuum Heat Treatment 4. Powder Metallurgy and Ceramic Sintering 5. Vacuum Melting and Purification 6. Aerospace, Nuclear, and Advanced Materials 7. Research and Specialty Equipment Specification
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